249 research outputs found
Luminosity and surface brightness distribution of K-band galaxies from the UKIDSS Large Area Survey
We present luminosity and surface brightness distributions of 40,111 galaxies
with K-band photometry from the United Kingdom Infrared Telescope (UKIRT)
Infrared Deep Sky Survey (UKIDSS) Large Area Survey (LAS), Data Release 3 and
optical photometry from Data Release 5 of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS).
Various features and limitations of the new UKIDSS data are examined, such as a
problem affecting Petrosian magnitudes of extended sources. Selection limits in
K- and r-band magnitude, K-band surface brightness and K-band radius are
included explicitly in the 1/Vmax estimate of the space density and luminosity
function. The bivariate brightness distribution in K-band absolute magnitude
and surface brightness is presented and found to display a clear
luminosity--surface brightness correlation that flattens at high luminosity and
broadens at low luminosity, consistent with similar analyses at optical
wavelengths. Best fitting Schechter function parameters for the K-band
luminosity function are found to be M*-5 log h=-23.19 +/- 0.04, alpha=-0.81 +/-
0.04 and phi*=(0.0166 +/- 0.0008)h^3 Mpc^{-3}, although the Schechter function
provides a poor fit to the data at high and low luminosity, while the
luminosity density in the K band is found to be j = (6.305 +/- 0.067) x 10^8
L_sun h Mpc^{-3}. However, we caution that there are various known sources of
incompleteness and uncertainty in our results. Using mass-to-light ratios
determined from the optical colours we estimate the stellar mass function,
finding good agreement with previous results. Possible improvements are
discussed that could be implemented when extending this analysis to the full
LAS.Comment: 17 pages, 24 figures, matches MNRAS accepted versio
The near and mid-infrared photometric properties of known redshift z â„ 5 quasars
We assemble a catalogue of 488 spectroscopically confirmed very high
() redshift quasars and report their near- () and mid-
(WISE W1234) infrared properties. 97\% of the VHQ sample is detected in one
or more NIR () band, with lack of coverage rather than lack of
depth being the reason for the non-detections. 389 (80\%) of the very high
redshift quasars are detected at 3.4m in the W1 band from the unWISE
catalog and all of the quasars are detected in both unWISE W1 and W2.
Using archival WFCAM/UKIRT and VIRCAM/VISTA data we check for photometric
variability that might be expected from super-Eddington accretion. We find 28
of the quasars have sufficient NIR measurements and signal-to-noise ratio to
look for variability. Weak variability was detected in multiple bands of SDSS
J0959+0227, and very marginally in the -band of MMT J0215-0529. Only one
quasar, SDSS J0349+0034, shows significant differences between WFCAM and VISTA
magnitudes in one band. With supermassive black hole accretion likely to be
redshift invariant up to very high-redshift, further monitoring of these
sources is warranted. All the data, analysis codes and plots used and generated
here can be found at: https://github.com/d80b2t/VHzQ}{\tt
github.com/d80b2t/VHzQ.Comment: Published in MNRAS, 2020, Vol. 494, pp.789-803. 15 pages; 12 figures;
6 tables. Databases available at WFCAM Science Archive and the VISTA Science
Archive. All data, analysis codes and plots can be found at
github.com/d80b2t/VHzQ. Play the Five Tone
Faint Standards for ZYJHK from the UKIDSS and VISTA Surveys
The currently defined "UKIRT Faint Standards" have JHK magnitudes between 10
and 15, with K_median=11.2. These stars will be too bright for the next
generation of large telescopes. We have used multi-epoch observations taken as
part of the UKIRT Infrared Deep Sky Survey (UKIDSS) and the Visible and
Infrared Survey Telescope for Astronomy (VISTA) surveys to identify
non-variable stars with JHK magnitudes in the range 16-19. The stars were
selected from the UKIDSS Deep Extragalactic Survey (DXS) and Ultra Deep Survey
(UDS), the WFCAM calibration data (WFCAMCAL08B), the VISTA Deep Extragalactic
Observations (VIDEO) and UltraVISTA. Sources selected from the near-infrared
databases were paired with the Pan-STARRS Data Release 2 of optical to
near-infrared photometry and the Gaia astrometric Data Release 2. Colour
indices and other measurements were used to exclude sources that did not appear
to be simple single stars. From an initial selection of 169 sources, we present
a final sample of 81 standard stars with ZYJHK magnitudes, or a subset, each
with 20 to 600 observations in each filter. The new standards have
Ks_median=17.5. The relative photometric uncertainty for the sample is <0.006
mag and the absolute uncertainty is estimated to be <~0.02 mag. The sources are
distributed equatorially and are accessible from both hemispheres.Comment: Accepted on January 27 2020 for publication in MNRA
The Millennium Galaxy Catalogue: morphological classification and bimodality in the colour-concentration plane
Using 10 095 galaxies (B < 20 mag) from the Millennium Galaxy Catalogue, we
derive B-band luminosity distributions and selected bivariate brightness
distributions for the galaxy population. All subdivisions extract highly
correlated sub-sets of the galaxy population which consistently point towards
two overlapping distributions. A clear bimodality in the observed distribution
is seen in both the rest-(u-r) colour and log(n) distributions. The rest-(u-r)
colour bimodality becomes more pronounced when using the core colour as opposed
to global colour. The two populations are extremely well separated in the
colour-log(n) plane. Using our sample of 3 314 (B < 19 mag) eyeball classified
galaxies, we show that the bulge-dominated, early-type galaxies populate one
peak and the bulge-less, late-type galaxies occupy the second. The early- and
mid-type spirals sprawl across and between the peaks. This constitutes
extremely strong evidence that the fundamental way to divide the luminous
galaxy population is into bulges and discs and that the galaxy bimodality
reflects the two component nature of galaxies and not two distinct galaxy
classes. We argue that these two-components require two independent formation
mechanisms/processes and advocate early bulge formation through initial
collapse and ongoing disc formation through splashback, infall and
merging/accretion. We calculate the B-band luminosity-densities and
stellar-mass densities within each subdivision and estimate that the z ~ 0
stellar mass content in spheroids, bulges and discs is 35 +/- 2 per cent, 18
+/- 7 and 47 +/- 7 per cent respectively. [Abridged]Comment: Accepted for publication in MNRAS, 23 pages, 17 figures. Comments
welcome. MGC website is at: http://www.eso.org/~jliske/mgc
The VISTA Science Archive
We describe the VISTA Science Archive (VSA) and its first public release of
data from five of the six VISTA Public Surveys. The VSA exists to support the
VISTA Surveys through their lifecycle: the VISTA Public Survey consortia can
use it during their quality control assessment of survey data products before
submission to the ESO Science Archive Facility (ESO SAF); it supports their
exploitation of survey data prior to its publication through the ESO SAF; and,
subsequently, it provides the wider community with survey science exploitation
tools that complement the data product repository functionality of the ESO SAF.
This paper has been written in conjunction with the first public release of
public survey data through the VSA and is designed to help its users understand
the data products available and how the functionality of the VSA supports their
varied science goals. We describe the design of the database and outline the
database-driven curation processes that take data from nightly
pipeline-processed and calibrated FITS files to create science-ready survey
datasets. Much of this design, and the codebase implementing it, derives from
our earlier WFCAM Science Archive (WSA), so this paper concentrates on the
VISTA-specific aspects and on improvements made to the system in the light of
experience gained in operating the WSA.Comment: 22 pages, 16 figures. Minor edits to fonts and typos after
sub-editting. Published in A&
Milky Way demographics with the VVV survey. IV. PSF photometry from almost one billion stars in the Galactic bulge and adjacent southern disk
Accepted for publication in a forthcoming issue of Astronomy & Astrophysics. Reproduced with permission from Astronomy & Astrophysics. © 2018 ESO.Context. The inner regions of the Galaxy are severely affected by extinction, which limits our capability to study the stellar populations present there. The Vista Variables in the VĂa LĂĄctea (VVV) ESO Public Survey has observed this zone at near-infrared wavelengths where reddening is highly diminished. Aims. By exploiting the high resolution and wide field-of-view of the VVV images we aim to produce a deep, homogeneous, and highly complete database of sources that cover the innermost regions of our Galaxy. Methods. To better deal with the high crowding in the surveyed areas, we have used point spread function (PSF)-fitting techniques to obtain a new photometry of the VVV images, in the ZY JHK s near-infrared filters available. Results. Our final catalogs contain close to one billion sources, with precise photometry in up to five near-infrared filters, and they are already being used to provide an unprecedented view of the inner Galactic stellar populations. We make these catalogs publicly available to the community. Our catalogs allow us to build the VVV giga-CMD, a series of color-magnitude diagrams of the inner regions of the Milky Way presented as supplementary videos. We provide a qualitative analysis of some representative CMDs of the inner regions of the Galaxy, and briefly mention some of the studies we have developed with this new dataset so far.Peer reviewe
The Millennium Galaxy Catalogue: Dynamically Close Galaxy Pairs and the Global Merger Rate
We derive the number of dynamically close companions per galaxy () and
their total luminosity () for galaxies in the Millennium Galaxy Catalogue:
is similar to the fraction of galaxies in close pairs and is directly
related to the galaxy merger rate. We find and
for galaxies with and , for galaxies with , with
. The integrated merger rate to for both samples is about 20
%, but this depends sensitively on the fraction of kinematic pairs that are
truly undergoing a merger (assumed here to be 50%), the evolution of the merger
rate (here as ) and the adopted timescale for mergers (0.2 and 0.5 Gyr
for each sample, respectively). Galaxies involved in mergers tend to be
marginally bluer than non-interacting galaxies and show an excess of both
early-type and very late-type objects and a deficiency of intermediate-type
spirals. This suggests that interactions and mergers partly drive the star
formation and morphological evolution of galaxies.Comment: 26 pages, 3 figures, AJ accepted for publicatio
Absence of CALR Mutations in Idiopathic Erythrocytosis Patients with Low Serum Erythropoietin Levels
International audienc
Near-Infrared Variability of Low Mass Stars in IC 1396A and Tr 37
We have monitored nearly a square degree in IC 1396A/Tr 37 over 21 epochs
extending over 2014 - 2016 for sources variable in the JHK bands. In our data,
65 +\- 8 % of previously identified cluster members show variations, compared
with < 0.3% of field stars. We identify 119 members of Tr 37 on the basis of
variability, forming an unbiased sample down to the brown dwarf regime. The
K-band luminosity function in Tr 37 is similar to that of IC 348 but shifted to
somewhat brighter values, implying that the K- and M-type members of Tr 37 are
younger than those in IC 348. We introduce methods to classify the causes of
variability, based on behavior in the color-color and color-magnitude diagrams.
Accretion hot spots cause larger variations at J than at K with substantial
scatter in the diagrams; there are at least a dozen, with the most active
resembling EXors. Eleven sources are probably dominated by intervention of dust
clumps in their circumstellar disks with color behavior indicating the presence
of grains larger than for interstellar dust, presumably due to grain growth in
their disks. Thirteen sources have larger variations at K than at J or H. For
11 of them, the temperature fitted to the variable component is very close to
2000K, suggesting that the changes in output are caused by turbulence at the
inner rim of the circumstellar disk exposing previously protected populations
of grains.Comment: accepted by Ap
Economic evaluation of an intervention designed to reduce bullying in Australian schools
Background
There is a shortage of information on the costs and benefits of anti-bullying programs implemented in Australia. Information on the costs and benefits of anti-bullying programs is vital to assist policy making regarding the adoption of these programs. The aim of this study was to estimate the changes to costs and health benefits of implementing the âFriendly Schools Friendly Familiesâ (FSFF) anti-bullying intervention in Australia.
Methods
A societal perspective cost-effectiveness analysis was undertaken based on randomised controlled trial data for an anti-bullying intervention implemented in primary schools in Western Australia. The modelling strategy addressed changes to costs comprising intervention costs, less cost-savings, and then changes to health benefits measured by avoidable disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). Costs and health benefits were identified, measured, and valued in 2016 Australian dollars. Intermediate events modelled included anxiety disorders, depressive disorders, intentional self-harm, cost-savings accrued by educator time, and reduced productivity losses for carers associated with absenteeism. Uncertainty analysis and scenario analyses were also conducted.
Results
The prevalence of bullying victimisation was reduced by 18% by the Friendly Schools Friendly Families anti-bullying intervention. At a national level, this is expected to result in the avoidance of 9114 DALYs (95% CI 8770â9459) and cost-savings of A50,000 per DALY averted, with an ICER of A$1646.
Conclusions
The Friendly Schools Friendly Families anti-bullying intervention represents a good investment compared to usual activities for the management of child and adolescent bullying in Australia. The investment and implementation of evidence-based interventions that reduce bullying victimisation and bullying perpetration in schools could reduce the economic burden associated with common mental health disorders and thereby improve the health of many Australians
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